Anne E. Robinson is general counsel of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and secretary of the Vanguard funds. She is managing director of the Office of the General Counsel, where she leads Global Public Policy, Legal, Compliance, and Investment Stewardship. Ms. Robinson joined Vanguard in 2016. Previously she served as a managing director and general counsel in the Citigroup global legal department. Ms. Robinson started her career in private law practice and went on to serve as counsel with Deloitte Consulting before moving to American Express in 2003. She joined Citigroup in 2014 as managing director and general counsel of global cards and consumer services. Ms. Robinson earned a bachelor’s degree in political science from Hampton University and a J.D. from Columbia Law School.